Pearl Gourami

Trichopodus leerii, widely known as the Pearl Gourami, is a popular, peaceful freshwater fish native to Southeast Asia. Famous for its shimmering, pearl-like spots and thread-like pelvic fins, it is a hardy "labyrinth" fish that breathes atmospheric air, making it an excellent centerpiece for community aquariums.

Key Characteristics

• Scientific Name: Trichopodus leerii (formerly Trichogaster leerii)
• Common Names: Pearl Gourami, Lace Gourami, Mosaic Gourami
• Size: Reaches about 10 to 12 cm (4 to 5 inches) in length
• Lifespan: Typically 4 to 8 years in captivity
• Temperament: Generally peaceful, though males can be territorial toward each other and during the breeding season

Aquarium Care Requirements

• Tank Size: At least a 30-gallon (115-liter) aquarium is recommended for a pair or small group.
• Water Parameters: Prefers a temperature of 25°C to 28°C (77°F to 82°F), a pH of 6.0 to 8.0, and soft to moderately hard water.
• Tank Setup: They thrive in heavily planted tanks with floating vegetation. Because they breathe air from the surface, calm, slow-moving water is ideal.
• Diet: Omnivorous. They accept high-quality flakes but should be supplemented with live or frozen foods like brine shrimp, daphnia, and bloodworms.

Appearance & Sexual Dimorphism

Both sexes feature a brown-silver body covered in a mosaic of white, pearly spots and a distinct black horizontal line running from the mouth to the tail. You can easily tell them apart:

• Males: Tend to be slightly larger with a more elongated, pointed dorsal fin. As they mature, their throat and chest develop a vibrant, fiery orange-red color that intensifies during courtship.
• Females: Have a more rounded belly and less intense coloration, lacking the bright orange chest.

Breeding Habits

Trichopodus leerii are bubble nest builders. The male constructs a floating nest at the surface, usually amongst floating plants. During spawning, the male wraps his body around the female to squeeze out eggs, which he then catches and places into the bubble nest. Once the eggs are laid, it is best to remove the female, as the male becomes highly territorial and protective of the nest.