Armoured Bichir (Polypterus delhezi)

Polypterus delhezi
Commonly known as the Barred or Armored Bichir, this ancient, bottom-dwelling predatory fish is native to the Congo River Basin. Recognizable by its grey-green body, striking dark vertical bars, and distinctive dorsal finlets, this "living fossil" grows to an adult size of about 12 to 14 inches.

Key Species Overview

• Care Level: Moderate to Advanced.
• Temperament: Peaceful but predatory. Will eat anything that fits in its mouth.
• Tank Size: Minimum 90 gallons (or roughly 350+ liters), with an emphasis on a large, long bottom footprint over vertical height.
• Water Parameters: 75°F–82°F, pH 6.0–7.8, and soft-to-medium water hardness.
• Lifespan: Can live 10 to 15+ years in captivity with optimal care.
• Diet: Carnivorous. Requires protein-rich sinking pellets, frozen foods (e.g., bloodworms, krill), and occasional live treats.

Unique Biological Adaptations

• Accessory Breathing (Lungs):
  Their swim bladder is modified into a pair of functional lungs. They are obligate air-breathers and must surface to swallow air, or they will drown.

• Modified Pectoral Fins:
  Thick, muscular pectoral fins act like little arms, allowing them to "walk" along the substrate and maneuver through dense vegetation in shallow waters.

• Nocturnal Predators:
  With poor eyesight but a keen sense of smell, they rely on their olfactory capabilities to hunt for invertebrates and small fish at night.

Aquarium Setup & Tank Mates

• Escape Artists:
  Known for their ability to breathe air and travel short distances out of water, they are notorious jumpers. A secure, heavy lid is mandatory.

• Tank Mates:
  Best kept with fish too large to be eaten. Suitable companions include:

  • Large tetras (e.g., Silver Dollars)
  • Datnoids
  • Non-aggressive cichlids

  Avoid aggressive bottom dwellers or highly boisterous fin-nippers.